'Exercise 10: Acid Base Balance\r'

'EXERCISE 10: Acid-Base Balance school-age child Name: ______________Student ID#: ______________ Student instructions: Follow the piecemeal instructions for this exercise found in your lab manual and record your answers in the spaces below. Submit this stainless document by the assignment due date found in the Syllabus. Rename this document to imply your first and last name prior to submitting, e. g. Exercise10_JohnSmith. oc. enthral make sure that your answers are typed in RED. (You whitethorn delete these instructions before submission. ) Grading: dependable/ glum, Multiple-Choice, and Fill-in-the-blank type questions will be worth 1 point each whereas Short-answer type questions will be worth 2 points each. This lab will be worth a total of 45 points only if will be converted to a share grade when registered in your â€Å"Gradebook”. ACTIVITY 1: Hyperventilation |Answers | |A substance that dissolves in water to release atomic number 1 (H+) ions is a(n) _______. | Acid | |Which of the following is not a restrictive mechanism for venereal infection/base balance in the body? D †Digestive System | |the kidneys | | |the respiratory remains | | |protein buffers | | |the digestive system | | |The maximum pH measured during hyperventilation was _______. |7. 58 | |The tidal volume (TV) when respiration at rest was about _____ ml. The TV with hyperventilation was |3 | |about _____ ml. |4. | | bring out the standard drops for pH and PCO2 in the line of reasoning. | min Pco2 †40 scoopful Pco2 †40 | | | moment pH †7. 41 Max pH †7. 41 | | pick out what happened to the pH and the carbon dioxide in the countercurrent with hyperventilation. |Min Pco2 lowered to 25. 94 (well below average) | | |Min pH stayed around normal at 7. | | inform how returning to normal breathing after hyperventilation differed from hyperventilation |With unbent hyperventilation the pH stayed within average and | |without returning to normal breath ing. |the carbon dioxide lowered tremendously. With the | | |Hyperventilation then back to normal breathing the carbon | | |dioxide levels did not lower as much and the pH stayed around | | |the normal partition off as well. | |Describe almost possible causes of respiratory alkalosis. serious cardiac disorder | |ACTIVITY 2: Rebreathing | |In cases of acidosis, the pH of the ocellus is |C †less(prenominal) than 7. 35 | | in the midst of 7. 4 and 7. 55 | | |Between 7. 35 and 7. 45 | | |Less than 7. 35 | | |greater than 7. 5 | | |In this lab simulation, the minimum pH during rebreathing was _______. |7. 24 | |If a person is â€Å"treated” in a hospital emergency department by breathing in and out of a stem |Rebreathing | |sack, this is a classic example of _________ to lower the declension pH. | | |Hypoventilation results in |C †An hookup of CO2 in the blood | |lightheadedness. | | |numbness around the lips.\r\nAnswer: _________ | | |an accumulation of CO2 in the blood. | | |a good intervention for respiratory acidosis. | | |Describe what happened to the pH and the PCO2 levels in the blood during rebreathing. |Min pH lowered to 7. 24 Max pH elevated to 7. 42 | | |Min Pco2 stayed the analogous at 40 Max Pco2 raised to 53. 02 | |Describe several possible causes of respiratory acidosis. airway obstructions or inadequate ventilation, also possible | | |from over proceeds of Pco2 | |Explain how the nephritic system spate oppose for respiratory acidosis. |the renal system compensates by retaining hco3 and release | | |hydrogen ions | |ACTIVITY 3: Renal Responses to respiratory Acidosis and Respiratory Alkalosis | |When carbon dioxide (CO2) mixes with water in the blood stream, carbonic acid is formed. This |Hydrogen | |carbonic acid can then dissociate into the _______ ion and the _______ ion. Bicarbonate | |When much CO2 is produced by the body than can be expired from the lungs, the pH of the blood might|C †Decrease | |increase | | |stay normal | | | pass | | |either stay in the normal range or decrease. | | |True or False: The renal system is able to fully compensate for acidosis or alkalosis. |True | |Describe what happened to the slow-wittedness of ions in the urine when the blood PCO2 was lowered. H Decreased | | |HCO3 increase | |What delimitate was simulated when the blood PCO2 was lowered? |Alkalosis | |Describe what happened to the concentration of ions in the urine when the blood PCO2 was raised. |H Increased | | |HCO3 Decreased | |What condition was stimulated when the blood PCO2 was raised? Acidosis | |ACTIVITY 4: Respiratory Responses to metabolous Acidosis and Metabolic Alkalosis | |The cellular gaseous waste product than can accumulate in the blood stream is ______ ______. | degree centigrade Dioxide | |In this lab simulation, when the metabolous rate was increase to 80 kcal/hour, the pH of the blood |C †7. 25; 63 | |lowered to ______ because of an accumulation of _______ [H+] in the bl ood. | | |7. 2; 45 | | |7. 30; 42 | | |7. 25; 63 | | |7. 09; 92 | | |When the metabolism was decreased, the number of breaths/minute _________ ( change magnitude, decreased, or|Decreased | |remained the same). | |True or False: In a hospital, the treatments for respiratory acidosis and metabolic acidosis are |False | |usually the same because these conditions are so similar. | | |Describe what happened to the blood pH when the metabolic rate was increased to 80 kcal/hr. What |The blood pH decreased to 7. 26, bpm increased tremendously, PCo2| |body system was compensating? |and also H increased as well. The HCO3 decreased. | |List and describe some possible causes of metabolic acidosis, i. e. how the acidosis is caused. Keto Acidosis †A buildup of keto acids that result from | | |diabetes mellitus | | |Salicylate inebriation †a toxic condition resulting from | | |ingestion of overly much aspirin or oil of wintergreen, alcohol, or| | |strenuous exercise. | |Describe what happened to the blood pH when the metabolic rate was decreased to 20 kcal/hr. | | |What body system was compensating? | | |List and describe some possible causes of metabolic alkalosis, i. e. how the alkalosis is caused. |Ingestion of alkali, vomiting, constipation |\r\n'