Outline + Evaluate Different Types of Attachment

Outline and evaluate different types of accompaniment Ainsworths strange smear was developed as a as well asl to measure types of fond regard in infants. The experiment was carried out in a purpose build game room and pincerren were observed with cameras. It consisted of several situations, standardised for all those who took part. Each condition touch variation of the presence of the grow and/or a rummy, over 3 minute intervals. During these different conditions, the childs behaviour was monitored, assessing their exploratory behaviour, peculiar anxiety, breakup reject and reunion behaviour.From her ara, Ainsworth identified three types of affixation, these were secure, insecure- avoidant and insecure-resistant, she believes all infants merchantman fit into these categories. A child with a secure addendum to the generate has lavishly exploratory behaviour they would explore happily when the mother is familiarize and use her as a safe base. Stranger anxiety would be seen, they would be wary and treat the rummy differently. There is a gamy level of separation protest, distress and crying was shown when the mother left field, but they would tardily be soothed when the mother was welcomed back on her return.On the other hand, a child with an insecure-avoidant bond paper would be happy to explore, and there would be low stranger anxiety, the child would treat the stranger indifferently to the mother. Some separation protest rat be shown, and the child whitethorn become distressed. However, when the mother returns they give carry on doing what they were before her return as they do non use the caregiver to provide comfort. Finally, those with an insecure-resistant fastener are slight belike to show exploratory behaviour as they want attention from the caregiver.Intense stranger anxiety would be shown, as well as an intense separation protest, they would not be easily comforted by the mother on return, they would be angry and reject her. W ith this attachment, the child alternates between seeking indecorum and wanting distance. Ainsworth suggested differences in attachment types are caused by the sensitivity of the mother, this is cognise as the caregiver sensitivity hypothesis. According to Ainsworth, a mother who is sensitive to the babies needs and correctly reads their social releasers, moods and feelings is probably to form a secure attachment with her child.An insecure- avoidant attachment would form if he mother is less sensitive and responsive, she may even ignore the bilk, and be impatient with them. Finally, she believes that an insecure-resistant attachment would form if the mother is less sensitive and her response to her child is inconsistent, whatsoever days she may ignore the baby but the next day she may give the baby a lot of attention. However, Kagan argues that this theory puts too much emphasis on the role of the mother he suggested attachments create were due to the babies temperament, this is known as the temperament hypothesis.Infact, in 1991, throw found there was a strong relationship between attachment types towards both parents, supporting the claim that attachments relate to inbuilt temperament. Furthermore, a study carried out using meta-analysis in 1997 found a weak correlation coefficient of 0. 24 between type of attachment formed and sensitivity of the mother, viewing Ainsworths theory of the development of attachment is weaker compared to Kagans. According to Kagan, a secure attachment between mother and child may be due to the baby having an easy temperament, meaning they will have high activity and sociability.Furthermore, a baby with a slow to warm up temperament is likely to form an insecure-avoidant attachment, and those with a difficult temperament will have high emotionality, meaning an insecure-resistant attachment is most likely to form. However, Belsky and Rovin argued that individual differences in attachment relate to both theories because dif ferent temperaments will present different challenges to the caregiver, a slow to warm up baby would need more encouragement, which may influence the formation of a secure attachment.In addition, the method used in the strange situation has been a useful tool, giving a owing(p) deal of information about a babys attachment in little time. It is also easy to replicate and has led to a rapid increase in the amount of research carried out, many decision similar results, suggesting the experiment is a reliable method to study attachment behaviours. However, the research lacks reasonedity because of the unfamiliar surroundings, these may cause demand characteristics as the baby may be intimidated and act differently as a result.However, some say it may still be valid because children experience this on a regular basis when being left with a babysitter or at a nursery. Furthermore, there are ethical issues because the unfamiliar environment, separation from the mother and interaction wit h the stranger can cause mental distress for the baby. Finally, there is also the concern that not all babies can fit into the categories of attachment created, which is why a after part one was added in 1986 called disorganised attachment where babies behaviour was inconsistent.